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Imagine embarking on a safari adventure where at every turn, you encounter some of the most magnificent and rare wildlife that South Africa has to offer. From the vast plains of the savannah to the depths of the fynbos, South Africa is a haven for diverse and exclusive reserves teeming with life. A Glimpse into South Africa's Premier Reserves The Big Five reserves in South Africa stand out as guardians of the iconic lion, elephant, buffalo, and rhino populations. Kruger National Park , with its private abutting reserves, sets the stage for unforgettable wildlife encounters. While the country hosts around 90% of the global rhino population, the private reserves bordering Kruger boast unparalleled opportunities for intimate leopard sightings. Among the notable safari destinations are iSimangaliso Wetland Park, Hluhluwe-Imfolozi, Madikwe, Pilanesberg , and Addo Elephant National Park where untamed beauty meets extraordinary wildlife sightings. Diverse Wildlife Spectacle South Africa's wildlife extends beyond the famed Big Five, encompassing leopards, African wild dogs, cheetahs, and more. Each creature plays a part in the intricate tapestry of the ecosystem, from the elusive leopard, symbol of grace and stealth, to the lively antics of vervet monkeys swinging through the trees. Antelope species like eland, kudu, and wildebeest roam the plains, while unique endemics like the Black wildebeest and Blesbok find sanctuary in the Highveld's grassy expanses. The Cape mountain zebra and bontebok, fynbos-dwellers of the Western Cape, add a touch of exclusivity to the country's wildlife repertoire. Marine Marvels of South Africa Beyond the savannah and mountains lies an underwater world brimming with life. From the spectacular land-based whale-watching in Hermanus to thrilling caged shark dives in Mossel Bay , South Africa's marine attractions are as diverse as they are captivating. Witness turtle-nesting rituals in iSimangaliso, visit the penguin colony at Boulders Beach , or marvel at the playful dolphins gracing the country's bays. Image: Majestic leopard spotted during a South African safari Embrace the Wilderness Embark on a journey through South Africa's stunning landscapes and encounter a world where nature unfolds its beauty with every passing moment. Whether you seek the thrill of a lion's roar echoing across the plains or the serene majesty of a breaching whale, South Africa's wildlife reserves promise an adventure like no other. Dive into the heart of the wild and let the enchanting wildlife of South Africa captivate your senses, bringing you closer to the wonders of the natural world. Remember, the next time you plan a getaway, think beyond the ordinary and immerse yourself in the extraordinary wildlife adventures that South Africa has to offer. With every sighting, every sound, and every heartbeat of the earth, let South Africa's wildlife awaken the explorer within you and leave an indelible mark on your soul. So pack your bags, grab your camera, and set off on a journey of discovery through the enchanting reserves of South Africa – a world where nature reigns supreme and wildlife thrives in all its grandeur. In every step you take in South Africa, a new adventure awaits; a new marvel beckons, and a new memory is etched into your being, forever enriching your life's tapestry. Uncover the treasures of South Africa’s exclusive reserves and witness nature as it was meant to be – wild, untamed, and utterly beautiful.

Tribes of South Africa: A Journey Through Diverse Cultures and Traditions In the vibrant tapestry of South Africa’s heritage, the diverse tribes stand as vibrant threads, each contributing its unique hue to the nation’s rich cultural fabric. From the Nguni-speaking Zulu and Xhosa to the Sotho-Tswana, and the colorful tapestry of smaller ethnic groups , South Africa is a kaleidoscope of traditions, languages, and customs that blend harmoniously, painting a vivid picture of a nation united in diversity. The differentiation among these tribes often extends beyond linguistic variations, encompassing distinctive rituals, beliefs, and social structures. These unique traits, passed down through generations, serve as a testament to the resilience of South Africa’s cultural heritage, while also presenting opportunities for mutual understanding and appreciation. South Africa’s myriad tribes are a testament to the country’s rich history and cultural diversity. Each tribe brings its unique traditions, beliefs, and customs to the nation’s tapestry, creating a vibrant and dynamic society. The diverse tribes of South Africa exemplify the country’s resilience and adaptability, having survived centuries of change and adversity. They are a source of pride and identity for South Africans, and their stories continue to be told and celebrated. The Vibrant Tapestry of South Africa: Exploring the Diverse Tribes and Their Cultural Heritage South Africa, a nation brimming with natural beauty, captivates the world with its diverse cultural tapestry. In this rich landscape, the influence of various tribes and ethnic groups has profoundly shaped the country’s history, traditions, and vibrant cultural identity. This article takes you on a captivating journey to explore the different types of tribes in South Africa, uncovering their unique customs, languages, and practices. The Xhosa Tribe: Keepers of the Nguni Legacy With a rich history spanning centuries, the Xhosa tribe proudly ranks among South Africa’s most prominent ethnic groups. Their ancestral lands lie primarily in the Eastern Cape Province, where their resilient spirit and cultural heritage have flourished for generations. The Xhosa people, renowned for their intricate beadwork and expressive music, have significantly influenced South Africa’s political, social, and cultural landscapes. The Zulu Tribe: A Legacy of Strength and Unity In the southeastern region of South Africa, the Zulu tribe stands tall, a testament to resilience and unity. Their history is intertwined with that of iconic leaders like Shaka Zulu, whose leadership and military prowess shaped the Zulu nation into a formidable force. Known for their vibrant dance performances, stunning beadwork, and elaborate ceremonies, the Zulu people have indelibly imprinted their mark on South Africa’s cultural fabric. The Pedi Tribe: Guardians of the Northern Sotho Heritage From the Northern Sotho linguistic group emerges the Pedi tribe, a proud people with deep-rooted traditions. Their ancestral home lies in the Limpopo Province, where they preserve their cultural identity through captivating music, intricate pottery, and mesmerizing dance performances. The Pedi tribe’s history is replete with tales of bravery, resilience, and a steadfast commitment to their cultural legacy. The Tswana Tribe: A Legacy of Harmony and Adaptation In the vast and arid regions of South Africa, the Tswana tribe has thrived, showcasing remarkable adaptation and resilience. Their ancestral lands are primarily situated in the North West Province, where they have cultivated a rich heritage of music, dance, and storytelling. The Tswana people are renowned for their harmonious communal living and their ability to adapt to the challenging conditions of their environment. The Venda Tribe: Echoes of Ancestral Wisdom From the northeastern corner of South Africa, the Venda tribe emerges as a bastion of cultural preservation. Their traditional lands lie within the Limpopo Province, where they have nurtured a deep connection to their ancestral spirits and the natural world. The Venda tribe’s traditions, expressed through mesmerizing music, intricate beadwork, and captivating dance performances, reflect their profound reverence for their cultural roots. The Ndebele Tribe: A Symphony of Colors and Patterns In the heart of South Africa’s Mpumalanga Province, the Ndebele tribe paints a vibrant canvas of culture and artistry. Their traditional attire, adorned with intricate beadwork and bold geometric patterns, captivates the eye with its kaleidoscope of colors. The Ndebele people’s unique architectural style, characterized by brightly painted houses with intricate murals, further showcases their artistic flair and cultural pride. The Sotho Tribe: Embracing Unity and Tradition The Sotho tribe, a significant ethnic group in South Africa, predominantly occupies the central and eastern regions of the country. Their cultural heritage is deeply rooted in unity, community spirit, and respect for elders. The Sotho people have a strong oral tradition, passing down stories, legends, and historical accounts through generations. Their traditional music and dance performances showcase their vibrant cultural expressions. The Swazi Tribe: Upholding Royal Traditions Orientation Identification. The Swazi nation is named for Mswati II, who became king in 1839. The royal lineage can be traced to a chief named Dlamini; this is still the royal clan name. About three-quarters of the clan groups are Nguni; the remainder are Sotho and Tsonga. These groups have intermarried freely. There are slight differences among Swazi groups, but Swazi identity extends to all those with allegiance to the twin monarchs Ngwenyama "the Lion" (the king) and Ndlovukati "the She-Elephant" (the queen mother). Location and Geography. Swaziland, in southern Africa between Mozambique and South Africa, is a landlocked country of 6,074 square miles (17,360 square kilometers). The terrain is mostly mountainous with moderately sloping plains. The legislative capital is Lobamba, one of the traditional royal seats. The administrative capital is the nearby city of Mbabane. Manzini is the business hub. Demography. The population in 2000 is about 980,000. A small European population (about 3 percent) sometimes is called "White Swazi." Linguistic Affiliation. The official languages are siSwati and English. SiSwati, a Southern Bantu language, is a member of the Nguni subgroup. Symbolism. The primary national symbol is the monarchy. King Sobhuza II (died 1982) oversaw the transition from colony to protectorate to independent country. The symbolic relationship between the king and his people is evident at the incwala , the most sacred ceremony, which may not be held when there is no king. The full ritual, which takes several weeks, symbolizes the acceptance of traditional rulers, the unity of the state, the agricultural cycle, fertility, and potency. History and Ethnic Relations Emergence of the Nation. The Nguni clans, which originated in East Africa in the fifteenth century, moved into southern Mozambique and then into present-day Swaziland; the term abakwaNgwane ("Ngwane's people") is still used as an alternative to emaSwati . Sobhuza I ruled during a period of chaos, resulting from the expansion of the Zulu state under Shaka. Under Sobhuza's leadership, the Nguni and Sotho peoples as well as remnant San groups were integrated into the Swazi nation. "Swazi" eventually was applied to all the peoples who gave allegiance to the Ngwenyama. National Identity. In the late 1830s, initial contact occurred among the Swazi, the Boers, and the British. A substantial portion of Swazi territory was ceded to the Transvaal Boers, the first of many concessions to European interests. The Pretoria Convention for the Settlement of the Transvaal in 1881 recognized the independence of Swaziland and defined its boundaries. The Ngwenyama was not a signatory, and the Swazi claim that their territory extends in all directions from the present state. More than a million ethnic Swazi reside in South Africa. Britain claimed authority over Swaziland in 1903, and independence was achieved in 1968. Ethnic Relations. Relations among the Swazi peoples have generally been peaceful. Relations with Europeans historically were strained as a result of land concessions and tension caused by the administrative domination of Great Britain. Swaziland Urbanism, Architecture, and the Use of Space The predominant home style is the Nguni "bee-hive" hut, in which a rounded frame made of poles is covered with thatch bound with plaited ropes. Sotho huts, which have pointed, detachable roofs on walls of mud and wattle, are found throughout the country; these huts have window frames and full doorways. Both types can be found within a single homestead, which may also include European architectural styles. Traditional homestead organization follows the "central cattle pattern." In the center of the homestead is an unroofed, fenced cattle pen, the sibaya , from which women are barred. Residential huts are grouped around the western side. The "great hut," indlunkulu is used as the family shrine, dedicated to the senior patrilineal ancestors. Other huts are occupied by individual wives. Food and Economy Food in Daily Life. The traditional food supply fluctuated seasonally. Between winter and the new crops of summer, shortages were common. Maize and millet were the main staples. Dairy products, especially soured milk, were reserved for children. Cattle were slaughtered mainly for ritual purposes, and meat was in short supply. Leafy vegetables, roots, and fruits completed the traditional diet. The introduction of supermarkets means that meat and other products are available throughout the year. The Swazi typically observed a fish taboo, along with a taboo on egg consumption for females and a dairy taboo for wives. There were also clan-specific food taboos on particular birds and wild animals. Indigenous Tribes of South Africa: Traditions, Customs, And Heritage The Indigenous tribes of South Africa have rich traditions, customs, and heritage, reflecting their diverse cultural practices and beliefs. South Africa is home to various indigenous tribes including the Zulu, Xhosa, Sotho, and San people, each with unique customs, traditions, and heritage that are deeply rooted in their history and way of life. These tribes have preserved their cultural practices through storytelling, dance, music, art, and spiritual rituals, contributing to the rich tapestry of South Africa’s cultural heritage. Understanding and respecting these traditions is essential for preserving the cultural diversity and identity of South Africa’s indigenous tribes. Everywhere you go in South Africa, you will find the incredible influence of these indigenous tribes, shaping the country’s cultural landscape and reinforcing the significance of their traditions and customs. The Rich Diversity Of Indigenous Tribes Experience the rich tapestry of South Africa’s indigenous tribes, each steeped in vibrant traditions, customs, and a unique cultural heritage that has been preserved for generations. Journey through the diverse landscapes of the region to uncover the fascinating stories and practices of these ancient communities. The indigenous tribes of South Africa have a rich history and diverse cultural heritage. The country is home to various tribes, each with distinctive customs and traditions. These tribes are spread across different regions of South Africa. They vary in both population size and linguistic diversity. Some tribes have large populations while others are smaller in number. Each tribe also has its unique language and dialect, adding to the country’s cultural tapestry. Traditional Beliefs And Spiritual Practices The indigenous tribes of South Africa uphold traditional beliefs and spiritual practices, deeply rooted in their customs and heritage. These traditions are passed down through generations, shaping their cultural identity and connection to the land. Their spiritual rituals and ceremonies are integral to their way of life, reflecting a profound respect for nature and ancestral wisdom. Indigenous Tribes of South Africa: Traditional Beliefs and Spiritual Practices Ancestral worship includes honoring ancestors for guidance and protection. Connection to nature is central, viewing it as a living entity. Rituals and ceremonies mark important life events and seasons. Traditional healers play key roles in spiritual and physical well-being. Traditional Art And Crafts Traditional art and crafts play a significant role in showcasing the unique artistic expressions of indigenous tribes in South Africa. These tribes meticulously create stunning artwork using natural materials, which not only reflects their deep connection with nature but also has symbolic meanings. The use of natural materials such as wood, clay, beads, and feathers not only adds authenticity to their creations but also signifies their respect and reverence towards the environment. Indigenous tribes in South Africa often incorporate symbolism in their artwork to communicate powerful messages and preserve their cultural heritage. Each piece of art holds a deeper meaning, narrating stories of ancestors, spirituality, and traditional beliefs. These symbolic representations provide a glimpse into their rich history, customs, and traditions. From intricate wood carvings and beautifully beaded jewelry to vibrant paintings and pottery, the traditional art and crafts of indigenous tribes in South Africa captivate and mesmerize onlookers, showcasing their creativity, talent, and deep-rooted cultural values. Oral Tradition And Storytelling Oral tradition and storytelling are integral to the indigenous tribes of South Africa. The importance of oral history lies in preserving cultural heritage and passing down knowledge through generations. Myths, legends, and folktales are woven into the fabric of their storytelling, conveying morals and values. Additionally, rituals play a crucial role in ensuring the continuation of these traditions, creating a sense of communal identity and pride. Land And Natural Resources Indigenous tribes of South Africa have a deep connection to the land, which is integral to their traditions, customs, and heritage. They have a profound respect for their traditional land rights and prioritize conservation efforts to protect their natural resources. However, they face numerous challenges and threats to their territories, including land encroachment and unsustainable resource exploitation. Despite these obstacles, indigenous communities are steadfast in their commitment to safeguarding their land and natural resources for future generations. Cultural Tourism And Preservation Cultural tourism is crucial in promoting sustainable tourism, preserving the rich traditions, customs, and heritage of indigenous tribes in South Africa. By embracing cultural tourism, indigenous communities can preserve their unique way of life, ensuring that their traditions are not lost to modernization. Cultural exchange and understanding are integral in fostering mutual respect and appreciation. Through cultural tourism, visitors can engage with indigenous tribes, promoting a deeper understanding of their customs and heritage. By participating in activities such as traditional dances, storytelling, and handicrafts, tourists can immerse themselves in the authentic experiences offered by indigenous tribes. This exchange of knowledge and appreciation can help break stereotypes and misconceptions, fostering greater cultural tolerance and respect. The Importance Of Indigenous Rights Indigenous rights play a crucial role in preserving the rich traditions, customs, and heritage of South Africa’s Indigenous tribes. By protecting their rights, we ensure the continuity and appreciation of their valuable cultural heritage. The Importance of Indigenous Rights Recognition and protection of indigenous rights is crucial for their well-being. Addressing historical injustices ensures a fair treatment for indigenous communities. Advocacy and empowerment are vital for indigenous tribes to thrive and preserve their culture. Frequently Asked Questions For Indigenous Tribes Of South Africa: Traditions, Customs, And Heritage What Are The Indigenous Tribes Of South Africa? The indigenous tribes of South Africa include the Zulu, Xhosa, Basotho, and many others. Each tribe has its own unique customs, traditions, and languages, contributing to the rich cultural heritage of the country. What Are The Traditional Customs Of South African Tribes? Traditional customs of South African tribes often include rites of passage, ceremonies, and practices that are passed down through generations. These customs play a significant role in preserving the cultural identity and heritage of the indigenous tribes. How Do South African Tribes Preserve Their Heritage? South African tribes preserve their heritage through oral storytelling, traditional music and dance, and the passing down of cultural practices from one generation to the next. These methods help to ensure that their rich traditions and customs endure over time. Conclusion The Indigenous tribes of South Africa embody a rich tapestry of traditions, customs, and heritage that have been passed down through generations. Through their vibrant rituals, art forms, and oral storytelling, these tribes have managed to preserve their unique identity and ancestral knowledge. Exploring their ways of life and appreciation for nature is not only culturally enlightening but also allows a deeper understanding of our shared humanity. yourself in the wonders of South Africa’s indigenous tribes and embrace the beauty of their diverse heritage. The 11 languages of South Africa The 11 languages of South Africa South Africa has 11 official languages and a multilingual population fluent in at least two. IsiZulu and isiXhosa are the largest languages, while English is spoken at home by only one in 10 people – most of them not white. South Africa’s constitution recognises 11 official languages: Sepedi (also known as Sesotho sa Leboa ), Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, Xitsonga, Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa and isiZulu. For centuries South Africa’s official languages were European – Dutch, English, Afrikaans. African languages, spoken by at least 80% of the people, were ignored. In 1996 South Africa’s new constitution gave official protection to all of the country’s major languages. South Africa has about 34 historically established languages. Thirty are living languages, and four extinct Khoesan languages. Overview of South Africa’s languages IsiZulu is South Africa’s biggest language, spoken by almost a quarter (23%) of the population. Our other official languages are isiXhosa (spoken by 16%), Afrikaans (13.5%), English (10%), Sesotho sa Leboa (9%), Setswana and Sesotho (both 8%), Xitsonga (4.5%), siSwati and Tshivenda (both 2.5%), and isiNdebele (2%). English is an urban language of public life, widely used in the media, business and government. Out of the 4.9-million South Africans who speak English as a first language, a third (33%) are white, a quarter (24%) are black, 22% are Indian and 19% are coloured South Africans. English is widely used as a second language and common language of communication, mainly in the cities. Afrikaans is a version of Dutch that evolved out of a South Holland dialect brought here in the 1600s. Over the centuries it has picked up many influences from African languages, as well as from European colonial languages such as English, French and German. More than half (50.2%) of Afrikaans speakers are coloured, 40% are white, 9% black and just 1% Indian. Click to enlarge South Africa’s nine African official languages all fall into the Southern Bantu-Makua subfamily, part of the broad and branching Niger-Congo family of languages. The languages arrived here during the great expansion of Bantu-speaking people from West Africa eastwards and southwards into the rest of the continent. The expansion began in around 3000 BCE and was largely complete by 1000 CE. Like all languages in the Niger-Congo family they are tonal languages, in which either a high or low tone gives a word a different meaning. The nine African languages can be broadly divided in two: Nguni-Tsonga languages: isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, siSwati, Xitsonga Sotho-Makua-Venda languages: Sesotho, Sesotho sa Leboa, Setswana, Tshivenda Within the first group Xitsonga alone falls into the Tswa-Ronga subfamily, while isiZulu, isiXhosa, isNdebele and siSwati are Nguni languages. Similarly, Sesotho, Sesotho sa Leboa and Setswana are closely related Sotho languages, and Tshivenda something of a standalone in the Sotho-Makua-Venda subfamily. Multilingual South Africa South Africans are more than bilingual. A rough estimate based on Census 2001 first-language data and a 2002 study of second-languages speakers is that the average South African – man, woman and child – uses 2.84 languages. Obviously, many people are limited to one, and many others able to speak three, four or more languages. Click to enlarge English- and Afrikaans-speaking people (mostly coloured, Indian and white South Africans) tend not to have much ability in African languages, but are fairly fluent in each other’s language. Multilingualism is common among black South Africans. For this reason, South African censuses ask people which two languages they speak. The question in the 2011 Census was: Which two languages does (member of household) speak most often in this household? Thirteen options were given: South Africa’s 11 official languages, plus Sign Language, and “Other”. If a person did not speak a second language, that too was recorded. The contrast between first language and second language is shown in the maps at right. While the geographical pattern of dominant first languages neatly conforms to the facts of history and urbanisation, the picture of second languages is more complicated, more of a mess. The second map reveals a couple of things. The first is how few South Africans speak just one language. The second is that while English is the dominant first language only in the cities – Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban – it is widely used as a second language across the country. English is spread by the media and used as a common language of communication. But many South Africans are compelled to learn English, and often Afrikaans as well, simply to get a job and to work. These are often poorer people denied an adequate education. Elsewhere in the world the ability to speak many languages is a sign of sophistication. In South Africa, multilingualism – a complex undertaking, especially in languages from very different families – is a common achievement of the poor. Code-switching South Africa Language is fluid, especially in South Africa. Our languages are and have been for centuries in a constant swirl , mixed by work, migration, education, urbanisation, the places we live, friendship and marriage. Because of this, South Africans are a code-switching people. “Code switching” simply means using more than one language in a single conversation. Every adult South African does this at some time, even if they aren’t aware of it. Here’s an example overheard at a football match. IsiZulu is in regular type, Afrikaans in bold and English in italics: “I-Chiefs isidle nge-referee’s ngabe ihambe sleg. Maar why benga stopi this system ye-injury time?” A rough translation: “Chiefs [the football club] have won because the referee favoured them. Otherwise, they would have lost. But why is this system of injury time not stopped?” Influenced by the other languages spoken around them, all of South Africa’s languages change and grow all the time. Who speaks what? South Africa’s most recent census was in 2011. The following table gives a breakdown of first-language speakers, as recorded by the census. South Africa’s 11 official languages LanguageSubfamily1st language share1st language users2nd language usersAll users AfrikaansLow Franconian13.5%6.9 million10.3 million17.2 million EnglishWest Germanic9.6%4.9 million11.0 million15.9 million isiNdebeleNguni2.1%1.1 million1.4 million2.5 million isiXhosaNguni16%8.1 million11.0 million19.1 million isiZuluNguni22.7%11.6 million15.7 million27.3 million SesothoSotho-Tswana7.6%3.8 million7.9 million11.8 million Sesotho sa Leboa (Sepedi)Sotho-Tswana9.1%4.6 million9.1 million13.8 million SetswanaSotho-Tswana8%4.1 million7.7 million11.8 million siSwatiNguni2.5%1.3 million2.4 million3.7 million TshivendaSotho-Makua-Venda2.4%1.2 million1.7 million2.9 million XitsongaTswa-Ronga4.5%2.3 million3.4-million5.7 million Source: Constitution Source: Glottolog Source: Census 2011 Source: Census 2011 Source: Webb 2002Estimate The languages of the provinces The languages you hear in South Africa depend on where you are in the country. In the Eastern Cape isiXhosa is spoken by 80% of the population. IsiZulu is the largest language in both KwaZulu-Natal, where 78% speak it, and Gauteng, where it makes up 20% of languages. Sesotho is the language of the Free State, spoken by 64% people there. And so on … Watch: The main languages of each province are: Eastern Cape – isiXhosa (78.8%), Afrikaans (10.6%) Free State – Sesotho (64.2%), Afrikaans (12.7%) Gauteng – isiZulu (19.8%), English (13.3%), Afrikaans (12.4%), Sesotho (11.6%) KwaZulu-Natal – isiZulu (77.8%), English (13.2%) Limpopo – Sesotho sa Leboa (52.9%), Xitsonga (17%), Tshivenda (16.7%) Mpumalanga – siSwati (27.7%), isiZulu (24.1%), Xitsonga (10.4%), isiNdebele (10.1%) Northern Cape – Afrikaans (53.8%), Setswana (33.1%) North West – Setswana (63.4%), Afrikaans (9%) Western Cape – Afrikaans (49.7%), isiXhosa (24.7%), English (20.3%) The languages Unless otherwise indicated, all figures below are from Census 2011 and refer only to first language – the language spoken at home. Afrikaans Also known as: isiBhuru (isiNdebele), isiBhulu (isiXhosa), isiBhunu (isiZulu), siBhunu (siSwati), Seburu (Sesotho sa Leboa), Xibunu (Xitsonga) First-language users: 6,855,082 (13.5% of South Africans) Second-language users: 10,300,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 17,155,082 (estimate) Afrikaans evolved out of a 17th-century Dutch dialect introduced to South Africa in 1652 when the Dutch first colonised the Cape of Good Hope. Today it is the majority language of the Northern Cape. Afrikaans became an official language in South Africa with the Official Languages of the Union Act of 1925, which retroactively dated the language’s official status to 1910. The 6,855,082 South Africans who speak Afrikaans as a first language make up 13.5% of the country’s total population. More than half (50.2%) of these Afrikaans speakers are coloured, 39.5% white, 8.8% black, 0.9% Indian or Asian, and 0.6% other. More than three-quarters (75.8%) of coloured South Africans speak Afrikaans, as do almost two-thirds (60.8%) of whites. It is the home language of 4.6% of Indian or Asian people, and of 1.5% of black South Africans. Afrikaans and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population41,000,9384,615,4011,286,9304,586,838280,45451,770,560 Afrikaans speakers602,1663,442,16458,7002,710,46141,5916,855,082 Share of population1.5%75.8%4.6%60.8%15.2%13.5% Most Afrikaans speakers (41%) live in the Western Cape, and 21% in Gauteng. Ten percent of all Afrikaans speakers live in the Eastern Cape, 8.8% in the Northern Cape, and 5% in the Free State. Within the provinces, Afrikaans is the majority language in the Northern Cape (53.8%) and the Western Cape (49.7%). It makes up 12.7% of languages spoken in the Free State, 12.4% of Gauteng’s languages, 10.6% of languages in the Eastern Cape, 9% in North West, 7.2% in Mpumalanga, 2.6% in Limpopo and 1.6% in KwaZulu-Natal. Overview of South Africa’s languages IsiZulu is South Africa’s biggest language, spoken by almost a quarter (23%) of the population. Our other official languages are isiXhosa (spoken by 16%), Afrikaans (13.5%), English (10%), Sesotho sa Leboa (9%), Setswana and Sesotho (both 8%), Xitsonga (4.5%), siSwati and Tshivenda (both 2.5%), and isiNdebele (2%). English is an urban language of public life, widely used in the media, business and government. Out of the 4.9-million South Africans who speak English as a first language, a third (33%) are white, a quarter (24%) are black, 22% are Indian and 19% are coloured South Africans. English is widely used as a second language and common language of communication, mainly in the cities. Afrikaans is a version of Dutch that evolved out of a South Holland dialect brought here in the 1600s. Over the centuries it has picked up many influences from African languages, as well as from European colonial languages such as English, French and German. More than half (50.2%) of Afrikaans speakers are coloured, 40% are white, 9% black and just 1% Indian. Click to enlarge South Africa’s nine African official languages all fall into the Southern Bantu-Makua subfamily, part of the broad and branching Niger-Congo family of languages. The languages arrived here during the great expansion of Bantu-speaking people from West Africa eastwards and southwards into the rest of the continent. The expansion began in around 3000 BCE and was largely complete by 1000 CE. Like all languages in the Niger-Congo family they are tonal languages, in which either a high or low tone gives a word a different meaning. The nine African languages can be broadly divided in two: Nguni-Tsonga languages: isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, siSwati, Xitsonga Sotho-Makua-Venda languages: Sesotho, Sesotho sa Leboa, Setswana, Tshivenda Within the first group Xitsonga alone falls into the Tswa-Ronga subfamily, while isiZulu, isiXhosa, isNdebele and siSwati are Nguni languages. Similarly, Sesotho, Sesotho sa Leboa and Setswana are closely related Sotho languages, and Tshivenda something of a standalone in the Sotho-Makua-Venda subfamily. Multilingual South Africa South Africans are more than bilingual. A rough estimate based on Census 2001 first-language data and a 2002 study of second-languages speakers is that the average South African – man, woman and child – uses 2.84 languages. Obviously, many people are limited to one, and many others able to speak three, four or more languages. Click to enlarge English- and Afrikaans-speaking people (mostly coloured, Indian and white South Africans) tend not to have much ability in African languages, but are fairly fluent in each other’s language. Multilingualism is common among black South Africans. For this reason, South African censuses ask people which two languages they speak. The question in the 2011 Census was: Which two languages does (member of household) speak most often in this household? Thirteen options were given: South Africa’s 11 official languages, plus Sign Language, and “Other”. If a person did not speak a second language, that too was recorded. The contrast between first language and second language is shown in the maps at right. While the geographical pattern of dominant first languages neatly conforms to the facts of history and urbanisation, the picture of second languages is more complicated, more of a mess. The second map reveals a couple of things. The first is how few South Africans speak just one language. The second is that while English is the dominant first language only in the cities – Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban – it is widely used as a second language across the country. English is spread by the media and used as a common language of communication. But many South Africans are compelled to learn English, and often Afrikaans as well, simply to get a job and to work. These are often poorer people denied an adequate education. Elsewhere in the world the ability to speak many languages is a sign of sophistication. In South Africa, multilingualism – a complex undertaking, especially in languages from very different families – is a common achievement of the poor. Code-switching South Africa Language is fluid, especially in South Africa. Our languages are and have been for centuries in a constant swirl , mixed by work, migration, education, urbanisation, the places we live, friendship and marriage. Because of this, South Africans are a code-switching people. “Code switching” simply means using more than one language in a single conversation. Every adult South African does this at some time, even if they aren’t aware of it. Here’s an example overheard at a football match. IsiZulu is in regular type, Afrikaans in bold and English in italics: “I-Chiefs isidle nge-referee’s ngabe ihambe sleg. Maar why benga stopi this system ye-injury time?” A rough translation: “Chiefs [the football club] have won because the referee favoured them. Otherwise, they would have lost. But why is this system of injury time not stopped?” Influenced by the other languages spoken around them, all of South Africa’s languages change and grow all the time. Who speaks what? Watch: South Africa’s most recent census was in 2011. The following table gives a breakdown of first-language speakers, as recorded by the census. South Africa’s 11 official languages LanguageSubfamily1st language share1st language users2nd language usersAll users AfrikaansLow Franconian13.5%6.9 million10.3 million17.2 million EnglishWest Germanic9.6%4.9 million11.0 million15.9 million isiNdebeleNguni2.1%1.1 million1.4 million2.5 million isiXhosaNguni16%8.1 million11.0 million19.1 million isiZuluNguni22.7%11.6 million15.7 million27.3 million SesothoSotho-Tswana7.6%3.8 million7.9 million11.8 million Sesotho sa Leboa (Sepedi)Sotho-Tswana9.1%4.6 million9.1 million13.8 million SetswanaSotho-Tswana8%4.1 million7.7 million11.8 million siSwatiNguni2.5%1.3 million2.4 million3.7 million TshivendaSotho-Makua-Venda2.4%1.2 million1.7 million2.9 million XitsongaTswa-Ronga4.5%2.3 million3.4-million5.7 million Source: Constitution Source: Glottolog Source: Census 2011 Source: Census 2011 Source: Webb 2002Estimate The languages of the provinces The languages you hear in South Africa depend on where you are in the country. In the Eastern Cape isiXhosa is spoken by 80% of the population. IsiZulu is the largest language in both KwaZulu-Natal, where 78% speak it, and Gauteng, where it makes up 20% of languages. Sesotho is the language of the Free State, spoken by 64% people there. And so on … Watch: The main languages of each province are: Eastern Cape – isiXhosa (78.8%), Afrikaans (10.6%) Free State – Sesotho (64.2%), Afrikaans (12.7%) Gauteng – isiZulu (19.8%), English (13.3%), Afrikaans (12.4%), Sesotho (11.6%) KwaZulu-Natal – isiZulu (77.8%), English (13.2%) Limpopo – Sesotho sa Leboa (52.9%), Xitsonga (17%), Tshivenda (16.7%) Mpumalanga – siSwati (27.7%), isiZulu (24.1%), Xitsonga (10.4%), isiNdebele (10.1%) Northern Cape – Afrikaans (53.8%), Setswana (33.1%) North West – Setswana (63.4%), Afrikaans (9%) Western Cape – Afrikaans (49.7%), isiXhosa (24.7%), English (20.3%) The languages Unless otherwise indicated, all figures below are from Census 2011 and refer only to first language – the language spoken at home. Afrikaans Also known as: isiBhuru (isiNdebele), isiBhulu (isiXhosa), isiBhunu (isiZulu), siBhunu (siSwati), Seburu (Sesotho sa Leboa), Xibunu (Xitsonga) First-language users: 6,855,082 (13.5% of South Africans) Second-language users: 10,300,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 17,155,082 (estimate) Afrikaans evolved out of a 17th-century Dutch dialect introduced to South Africa in 1652 when the Dutch first colonised the Cape of Good Hope. Today it is the majority language of the Northern Cape. Afrikaans became an official language in South Africa with the Official Languages of the Union Act of 1925, which retroactively dated the language’s official status to 1910. The 6,855,082 South Africans who speak Afrikaans as a first language make up 13.5% of the country’s total population. More than half (50.2%) of these Afrikaans speakers are coloured, 39.5% white, 8.8% black, 0.9% Indian or Asian, and 0.6% other. More than three-quarters (75.8%) of coloured South Africans speak Afrikaans, as do almost two-thirds (60.8%) of whites. It is the home language of 4.6% of Indian or Asian people, and of 1.5% of black South Africans. Afrikaans and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population41,000,9384,615,4011,286,9304,586,838280,45451,770,560 Afrikaans speakers602,1663,442,16458,7002,710,46141,5916,855,082 Share of population1.5%75.8%4.6%60.8%15.2%13.5% Most Afrikaans speakers (41%) live in the Western Cape, and 21% in Gauteng. Ten percent of all Afrikaans speakers live in the Eastern Cape, 8.8% in the Northern Cape, and 5% in the Free State. Within the provinces, Afrikaans is the majority language in the Northern Cape (53.8%) and the Western Cape (49.7%). It makes up 12.7% of languages spoken in the Free State, 12.4% of Gauteng’s languages, 10.6% of languages in the Eastern Cape, 9% in North West, 7.2% in Mpumalanga, 2.6% in Limpopo and 1.6% in KwaZulu-Natal. English Also known as: Engels (Afrikaans), isiNgisi (isiNdebele and isiZulu), isiNgesi (isiXhosa), Senyesemane (Sesotho), Seisemane (Sesotho sa Leboa), siNgisi (siSwati), Xinghezi (Xitsonga) First-language users: 4,892,623 (9.6% of South Africans) Second-language users: 11,000,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 15,892,623 (estimate) English is a prominent language in South African public life, widely used in government, business and the media. As a first language it is mainly confined to the cities. In 1910 English and Dutch were declared the official languages of the new Union of South Africa. English has retained this official status ever since. The 4,892,623 South Africans who speak English as a first language make up 9.6% of the country’s total population. Among first-language English speakers, 32.8% are white, 23.9% black, 22.4% Indian and 19.3% coloured. The majority (86.1%) of Indian South Africans speak English as their home language, as do over a third (35.9%) of whites. It is the first language of 20.8% of coloured people, and of 2.9% of black South Africans. English and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 English speakers1,167,913945,8471,094,3171,603,57580,9714,892,623 Share of population2.9%20.8%86.1%35.9%29.5%9.6% The largest number of English speakers are in Gauteng – 1.6-million people, or a third (32.8%) of all English-speaking South Africans. Over a quarter (27.3%) live in KwaZulu-Natal, 23.5% in the Western Cape, and 7.4% in the Eastern Cape. English is a minority language within all nine provinces. It is the second-largest language in both the Western Cape (after Afrikaans) and Gauteng (after isiZulu). In the Western Cape it is spoken by 20.2% of the population, and in Gauteng by 13.3%. English is minimally spoken in the other provinces. Read more: The online dictionary of South African English isiNdebele Also known as: Ndebele, Southern Ndebele, Ndzundza, isiKhethu First-language users: 1,090,233 (2.1% of South Africans) Second-language users: 1,400,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 2,490,233 (estimate) IsiNdebele is the least spoken of South Africa’s 11 official languages, and confined mainly to Mpumalanga and Gauteng. It is an Nguni language, like isiZulu, isiXhosa and siSwati. Also called Southern Ndebele, it is not to be confused with Northern Ndebele, more commonly known as Matabele, which is closer to isiZulu and an official language of Zimbabwe. The 1,090,223 South Africans who speak isiNdebele as a first language make up just 2.1% of the country’s total population. Among first-language isiNdebele speakers, 97% are black, 0.9% Indian or Asian, 0.8% coloured, 0.8% white and 0.5% other. IsiNdebele is spoken by 2.6% of black South Africans – fewer than the 2.9% who speak English at home. It is barely spoken by other population groups, being the home language of 0.2% of both the coloured and white population, and 0.8% of Indian or Asian people. It is also spoken by 2.1% of people who describe themselves as “other”. IsiNdebele and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 IsiNdebele speakers1,057,7818,2259,8158,6115,7911,090,223 Share of population2.6%0.2%0.8%0.2%2.1%2.1% Most isiNdebele speakers (37%) live in Mpumalanga, followed by Gauteng (34.9%), KwaZulu-Natal (10.2%), Limpopo (9.6%) and North West (4%). IsiNdebele is a minority language in all the provinces. It is spoken by 10.1% of the population of Mpumalanga and 3.2% of Gautengers. isiXhosa Also known as: Xhosa First-language users: 8,154,258 Second-language users: 11,000,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 19,154,258 (estimate) The dominant language of the Eastern Cape, isiXhosa is also the second-largest language in South Africa after isiZulu. It is an Nguni language, like isiNdebele, isiZulu and siSwati, but also shows some influence from the Khoekhoe languages. The 8,154,258 South Africans who speak isiXhosa as a first language make up 16% of the country’s total population. Among first-language isiXhosa speakers, 99.4% are black, 0.3% coloured, 0.2% white and 0.1% Indian or Asian. Among the population groups, isiXhosa is spoken by 20.1% of black South Africans, the second-largest share after isiZulu. It is the home language of 0.6% of coloured people, 0.4% of Indians, 0.3% of whites and 1.9% of people who describe themselves as “other”. IsiXhosa and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 IsiXhosa speakers8,104,75225,3405,34213,6415,1828,154,258 Share of population20.1%0.6%0.4%0.3%1.9%16% Close to two-thirds (62.4%) of first-language isiXhosa speakers live in the Eastern Cape, and 17.2% in the Western Cape. About a tenth (9.8%) of all isiXhosa speakers live in Gauteng. Within the provinces, isiXhosa is the majority language in the Eastern Cape, where its 5,092,152 first-language users make up 78.8% of the population. In the Western Cape a quarter (24.7%) of the population speaks isiXhosa. IsiXhosa is spoken by 7.5% of people in the Free State, 6.6% in Gauteng, 5.5% in North West, and 5.3% in the Northern Cape. isiZulu Also known as: Zulu First-language users: 11,587,374 (22.7% of the population) Second-language users: 15,700,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 27,300,000 (estimate) IsiZulu is the most widely spoken language in South Africa, the first language of close to a quarter of the population. It is the dominant language of KwaZulu-Natal. Like isiNdebele, isiXhosa and siSwati, isiZulu is an Nguni language. The 11,587,374 South Africans who speak isiZulu as their home language make up 22.7% of the country’s total population. A full 99.4% of first-language isiZulu speakers are black, 0.2% coloured, 0.1% white and 0.1% Indian or Asian. IsiZulu is spoken by 28.5% of black South Africans, more than any other language. It is the home language of 1.3% of Indian or Asian people, 0.5% of coloureds, 0.4% of whites and 4.1% of people who describe themselves as “other”. IsiZulu and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 IsiZulu speakers11,519,23423,79716,69916,45811,18611,587,374 Share of population28.5%0.5%1.3%0.4%4.1%22.7% Over two-thirds (68.2%) of isiZulu-speaking South Africans live in KwaZulu-Natal, and more than a fifth (20.6% in Gauteng). Some 8.3% of all isiZulu speakers live in Mpumalanga, which borders KwaZulu-Natal to the northwest. The rest are thinly spread across the other provinces. Within the provinces, isiZulu is spoken by over three-quarters (77.8%) of the population of KwaZulu-Natal, and nearly a quarter (24.1%) of the people of Mpumalanga. Almost a fifth (19.8%) of Gautengers speak isiZulu. It is a small minority language in the rest of the provinces. Sesotho Also known as: Southern Sotho First-language users: 3,798,915 (7.6% of the population) Second-language users: 7,900,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 11,698,915 (estimate) Sesotho is the language of the Free State, and the first language of 3,798,915 South Africans, or 7.6% of the total population. It is one of the three Sotho languages, with Sesotho sa Leboa and Setswana. A full 98.7% of first-language Sesotho speakers are black, 0.6% coloured, 0.5% white and 0.1% Indian or Asian. Sesotho is spoken by just under a tenth (9.4%) of black South Africans. It is the home language of 0.5% of coloured people, of 0.4% of both white and Indian/Asian people, and of 1.7% of the people who describe themselves as “other”. Sesotho and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll South Africa’s population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 Sesotho speakers3,798,91523,2305,26917,4914,6573,849,563 Share of population9.4%0.5%0.4%0.4%1.7%7.6% Most (44.6%) Sesotho speakers live in the Free State. The inner curve of this bean-shaped province fits around the northwest border of Lesotho, a country where Sesotho and English are the official languages. Over a third (36.2%) of all Sesotho-speaking South Africans live in Gauteng. Some 5.2% live in North West. Within the provinces, Sesotho is spoken by close to two-thirds (64.2%) of the population of the Free State, over a tenth (11.6%) of Gauteng, and by 5.8% of people living in North West. Sesotho sa Leboa (Sepedi) Also known as: Northern Sotho First-language users: 4,618,576 (9.1% of the population) Second-language users: 9,100,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 13,518,576 (estimate) Sesotho sa Leboa or Sepedi? The 1993 interim Constitution named the language Sesotho sa Leboa. It was then changed to Sepedi in the final Constitution of 1996 . Debate on the right name continues . Most language experts, as well as speakers of the language , consider Sesotho sa Leboa to be the correct name, and Sepedi to be a dialect. In a study of the language policy of six South African universities, five used Sesotho sa Leboa and one Sepedi. But both the Department of Basic Education and Statistics South Africa use Sepedi as the language’s name. Sesotho sa Leboa is South Africa’s third-largest African language (after isiZulu and isiXhosa), and mainly spoken in Limpopo. Like Sesotho and Setswana, it is a Sotho language. Sesotho sa Leboa is the first language of 4,618,576 people, or 9.1% of the total population. A full 99.7% of first-language Sesotho sa Leboa speakers are black, 0.1% coloured, 0.1% white and 0.1% Indian or Asian. Sesotho sa Leboa is spoken by 11.4% of black South Africans. It is the home language of just 0.2% of Indians, 0.1% of coloureds, 0.1% of whites and 0.6% of people who describe themselves as “other”. Sesotho sa Leboa and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 Sesotho sa Leboa speakers4,602,4595,6422,9435,9171,6164,618,576 Share of population11.4%0.1%0.2%0.1%0.6%9.1% Nearly two-thirds of (61.2%) of all Sesotho sa Leboa speakers live in Limpopo, over a quarter (27.8%) in Gauteng and 8.1% in Mpumalanga. The rest of the language’s speakers are scattered around the country. Within the provinces, Sesotho sa Leboa is spoken by more than half (52.9%) the people of Limpopo, 10.6% of those in Gauteng, and 9.3% of Mpumalanga’s population. Setswana Also known as: Tswana, Sechuana, Chuana First-language users: 4,067,248 (8% of the population) Second-language users: 7,700,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 11,767,248 (estimate) The language of North West and its neighbouring country of Botswana, Setswana is the Tswanaic language in the Sotho-Tswana subfamily, which it shares with Sesotho and Sesotho sa Leboa. Its 3,996,951 speakers make up 8% of South Africa’s population. Some 98.3% of Setswana speakers are black, 1% coloured, 0.1% Indian or Asian and 0.1% white. Setswana is spoken by 9.9% of black South Africans, making it the third-largest language in the population group. It is the first language of 0.9% of coloured people, 0.4% of both Indians and whites, and 2.4% of people who describe themselves as “other”. Setswana and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 Setswana speakers3,996,95140,3514,91718,3586,6714,067,248 Share of population9.9%0.9%0.4%0.4%2.4%8.0% Over a half (52.9%) of Setswana speakers live in North West, a quarter (26.9%) in Gauteng, and close on a tenth (9.2%) in the Northern Cape. Both North West and the Northern Cape lie on the border of Botswana, where 79% of the population speak Setswana. Within the provinces, Setswana is spoken by nearly two-thirds (63.4%) of the population of North West, a third (33.1%) of the Northern Cape’s people, by 9.1% of Gauteng’s population and 5.2% of the Free State’s. siSwati Also known as: Swati, Swazi First-language users: 1,297,046 (2.5% of the population) Second-language users: 2,400,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 3,697,046 (estimate) SiSwati is mostly spoken in Mpumalanga, which along its curved eastern border almost encircles the country of Swaziland. SiSwati is an Nguni language, like isiNdebele, isiXhosa and isiZulu. The 1,297,046 people who speak siSwati are just 2.5% of South Africa’s population, making it the country’s third-smallest language. Among first-language siSwati speakers, 99.3% are black, 0.3% coloured, 0.2% white and 0.1% Indian or Asian. In the population as a whole, siSwati is spoken by 3.2% of black South Africans, by around 0.1% of the other population groups, and by 0.5% of people who describe themselves as “other”. SiSwati and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 SiSwati speakers1,288,1564,0561,2172,2991,320234,655 Share of population3.2%0.1%0.1%0.1%0.5%2.5% Most siSwati speakers live in Mpumalanga – 85.3% of its total users and the highest provincial concentration of any language. Another tenth (10.5%) live in Gauteng, and the rest are scattered mainly over the northern parts of the country. Within the provinces, sisSwati is spoken by 27.7% of the total population of Mpumalanga, and just 1.1% of Gautengers. Tshivenda Also known as: Venda, Chivenda First-language users: 1,209,388 (2.4% of the population) Second-language users: 1,700,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 2,909,388 (estimate) Tshivenda is something of a standalone among South Africa’s major African languages, falling into the broader Sotho-Makua-Venda subfamily but not part of the Sotho group. It is mostly spoken in the far northeast of Limpopo. The 1,209,388 South Africans who speak Tshivenda are just 2.4% of the country’s population, making it the second-smallest language after isiNdebele. A full 99.4% of first-language Tshivenda speakers are black, 0.2% coloured, 0.2% white and 0.1% Indian or Asian. Tshivenda is spoken by 3% of black South Africans, by just 0.1% of the other population groups, and by 0.5% of people who describe themselves as “other”. Tshivenda and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 Tshivenda speakers1,201,5882,8478102,8891,2541,297,046 Share of population3.0%0.1%0.1%0.1%0.5%2.4 Three quarters (73.8%) of Tshivenda speakers live in Limpopo, giving the language the second-highest provincial concentration after siSwati. A further 22.5% of Tshivenda speakers live in Gauteng. Within the provinces, Tshivenda is spoken by 16.7% of the population of Limpopo, and 2.3% of the population of Gauteng. Xitsonga Also known as: Tsonga, Shangaan, Shangana, Vatsonga First-language users: 2,277,148 (4.5% of the population) Second-language users: 3,400,000 (2002 estimate) All users: 5,677,148 (estimate) Xitsonga is a minority language concentrated along South Africa’s northeast border with the country of Mozambique, where it is also spoken. Within the broader Nguni-Tsonga language subfamily which it shares with isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu and siSwati, it alone falls into the Tswa-Ronga group, while the other languages are Nguni. The 2,277,148 South Africans who speak Xitsonga as their home language make up 4.5% of the country’s total population. A full 99.1% of first-language Xitsonga speakers are black, 0.2% white, 0.1% coloured and 0.1% Indian or Asian. Xitsonga is spoken by 5.6% of black South Africans, 0.2% of Indians, 0.1% of whites, 0.05% of coloureds and 3.9% of people who describe themselves as “other”. Xitsonga and South Africa’s population groups BlackColouredIndian or AsianWhiteOtherAll Total population40,413,4084,541,3581,271,1584,461,409274,11150,961,443 Xitsonga speakers2,257,7712,2682,5063,98710,6161,209,388 Share of population5.6%0.05%0.2%0.09%3.9%4.5% Nearly two-fifths (39.8%) of Xitsonga-speaking South Africans live in Limpopo, over a third (35%) in Gauteng, 18.3% in Mpumalanga and 5.6% in North West. Within the provinces, Xitsonga is spoken by 17% of the population of Limpopo, 10.4% of Mpumalanga and 6.6% of the people in Gauteng. Sources and notes Glottolog – Comprehensive reference information for the world’s languages, especially the lesser known languages. Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 Statistics South Africa Census 2011 Adrian Frith: Census 2011 Ethnologue: Languages of South Africa , 20th edition data (2017) Pharos South African Multilingual Dictionary (2014) ISBN 9781868901975 Language in South Africa: The role of language in national transformation, reconstruction and development (2002)

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Brabys.Com online mapping is highly sophisticated with well developed new electronic offering, featuring a comprehensive coverage of South Africa including distance charts. The acquisition of Ananzi, South Africa's top search engine and promoting Brabys.Com has resulted in increased usage of the directories and thus entrenched Brabys leading position in online directories. View More Blue Train in South Africa About the Blue Train Treat yourself with an unforgettable experience aboard one of South Africa’s leading luxury trains. This 5 star, 54 hour experience offers you around-the-clock butler service, 2 lounge cars (smoking and non-smoking), an observation car, carriages with gold-tinted picture windows and fully carpeted and soundproofed suites, all with en-suite bathrooms. Situated behind the train’s engine is the Club car, where you can enjoy a Cuban cigar served after dinner while sipping on cognac, or any drink of your choice. If a game of backgammon, chess or cards is not for you, browse our library selection, enjoy the big screen or get lost in thought gazing up at the star-lit African sky. Afternoon High Tea and after-dinner drinks are served in the Lounge car, situated in the middle of the train. When not in use as a Conference car, the Observation car serves as an extension of the Lounge Car. Dine with friends or enjoy a romantic dinner for two in the elegant Dining car. You can also choose to dine in the privacy of your own suite. Our on-board chefs prepare dishes of the highest standard, regularly refreshing the menu and using only the freshest local ingredients. There is something to suite every taste, including Halaal, Kosher, gluten-free of vegan. Simply notify us at the time of reservation and our chefs will prepare a meal suited to your needs. Dinner is elegant, with the dress code being formal. Tasteful background music compliments the evening. The Dining car can accommodate 42 guests in a sitting, with 2 sittings when needed. View More Hotels & Resturants 1 Best Value of 745 South Africa Hotels with Restaurants "Impeccable dining experience and very professional staff from housekeeping, restaurant staff, rangers, trackers... everyone will make your stay feel special!" "The rooms were amazing, the housekeeping was incredible, the restaurant was amazing (during one lunch, we got to see elephants playing in the lake in front of it, as well as buffalos, giraffes and impalas)." Visit hotel website View More Global Weather Reports In study after study AccuWeather has been proven as the most statistically accurate source of weather forecasts and warnings. Our over 100 expert meteorologists plus designers, writers, developers all collaborate to bring the weather forecast to life for our Better Communication AccuWeather’s foundation of Superior Accuracy is further enhanced and expanded with the best communication, wording, detail and displays ensuring that important weather forecasts, warnings, news and information are more useful than other sources and easily understood. users, partners and corporate clients. Focus on Impact AccuWeather’s forecasts and warnings focus on the impact to people and businesses, so they can make the best weather-impacted decisions. A storm producing 2-3 inches of snow may prove insignificant in one geography and bring another to a complete standstill. View More Fomula One News Start lights How does the F1 weekend work? What’s F1 Sprint? And why is it called Formula 1? You’ve got questions – we’ve got answers... Who races in F1? Extreme g-forces. Daring decisions made in the blink of an eye – and at 370km/h. Dramatically battling to be the best, Formula 1 drivers are more like fighter pilots than sportspeople. Only 20 get the chance to compete, and they push themselves – and their incredible machines – to the very limit. Who are the F1 teams? Formula 1 is a team sport. It needs to be to change all 4 tyres on a car in under 2 seconds! F1 teams design and build their cars and get them ready to race. Each has their own history. Each has their own unique approach. All want to be the fastest. But who should you root for? F1 Explains F1 doesn't stop at the chequered flag. Presented by Katie Osborne and Christian Hewgill, our F1 Explains podcast brings big-name guests from the sport together to answer fan questions about Formula 1. View More Frankfurt Airport Departure & Arrivals Frankfurt Airport’s parking facilities are very busy. Therefore, we ask all passengers to pre-book a parking space online in advance, well before the date of their journey. If a booking for the desired parking period is no longer possible, we recommend traveling by public transport. FRA is excellently linked to the railway network of Deutsche Bahn. The airport is also well served by …Frankfurt Airport (German : Flughafen Frankfurt Main [ˈfluːkhaːfn̩ ˈfʁaŋkfʊʁt ˈmaɪn] ) (IATA : FRA, ICAO : EDDF), is Germany's main international airport by passenger numbers,[7] located in Frankfurt , Germany's fifth-largest city. Its official name according to the German Aeronautical Information Publication is Frankfurt Main Airport.[8] The airport is operated by Fraport and serves as the main hub for Lufthansa , including Lufthansa City Airlines , Lufthansa CityLine and Lufthansa Cargo as well as Condor and AeroLogic . It covers an area of 2,300 hectares (5,683 acres) of land[9] and features two passenger terminals with capacity for approximately 65 million passengers per year; four runways; and extensive logistics and maintenance facilities. View More Breaking World News Daily The BBC is the world’s leading public service broadcaster We’re impartial and independent, and every day we create distinctive, world-class programmes and content which inform, educate and entertain millions of people in the UK and around the world. We do this across: A portfolio of television services, including the UK’s most-watched channel BBC One and our multi award-winning channels for children, as well as national and regional television programmes and services across England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales Ten UK-wide radio networks, providing the best live music broadcasting in the UK, as well as speech radio which informs, educates and entertains. We also have two national radio services each in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland and local radio stations across England and the Channel Islands, providing an invaluable and unique service to listeners across the UK Our digital services including BBC News, Sport, Weather CBBC and CBeebies, iPlayer and BBC Sounds, BBC Red Button and our vast archive BBC World Service television, radio and online on more than 40 languages Established by a Royal Charter , the BBC is principally funded through the licence fee paid by UK households. Our role is to fulfil our mission and promote our Public Purposes . Our commercial operations including BBC Studios, the BBC’s award-winning production company and world-class distributor, provide additional revenue for investment in new programming and services for UK audiences. The BBC’s Board ensures that we deliver our mission and public purposes which are set out in the Charter. The Executive Committee is responsible for day-to-day management. We are regulated by Ofcom . View More World Wide Traffic Reports Founded in 2004, INRIX pioneered the practice of managing traffic by analyzing data not just from road sensors, but also from vehicles. This breakthrough approach enabled INRIX to become one of the leading providers of data and insight into how people move around the world. INRIX delivers innovative products for the automotive and transportation industries such as real-time parking and traffic information and solutions that facilitate the safe testing and deployment of autonomous vehicles. We also provide new insights to a variety of other industries that can make better business decisions by understanding how people move throughout the day. At INRIX, we see a world of possibilities enabled by making transportation more intelligent. View More All About South Africa The country of South Africa occupies the southern tip of the African continent and is bordered by five countries including Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Botswana. Within South Africa lies the independent kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is divided into nine regions or provinces . South Africa boasts 3 capital cities: Pretoria (executive), Cape Town (legislative) and Bloemfontein (judicial). The national currency is the South African Rand. South Africa is a popular destination for European and North American travelers. Tourists from most part of Europe and all from North America do not require visas. View More Traveling to South Africa Encountering Africa’s iconic Big 5 (elephant, rhino, lion, leopard and buffalo) is a major item on any safari goer’s bucket list. South Africa is one of the very few places on Earth where you’re able to tick off all five in one day. Easily Combine Bush, Beach & Vine Cape Town’s gorgeous coastline offers its visitors sun-kissed beaches, while the famous Cape Winelands will delight any gourmet. Superb infrastructure and daily domestic flights make combining a Kruger safari with a beach holiday a piece of cake. World-class Service & Amenities Experience culinary excellence from award-winning chefs in Cape Town, the Winelands, and Kruger’s private reserves and concessions. Plus enjoy top-notch service and amenities like spas, gyms and art galleries in each location. Fantastic Logistics Daily commercial flights link all the major cities, chartered airplanes can get you to safari lodges with their own private airstrips, and a self-drive holiday along the beautiful Garden Route is made safe and easy thanks to well-maintained road networks. View More South African Music News Dylan Tori Unveils ‘Daydreamer’ – South African singer-songwriter Dylan Tori unveils his latest ballad, ‘Daydreamer’ – a powerful, piano-driven track that explores the creative struggle and the pursuit of hope amidst the fast pace and complexities of modern life. Following his previous bootscoothin’ boogie single, ‘Dance A Little More ’, Dylan Tori’s ‘Daydreamer’ powerfully captures the tension between the passionate pursuit of artistic expression and the overwhelming realities of today’s world. With evocative lyrics that resonate deeply with creatives and dreamers everywhere, Dylan Tori reminds us that even in a chaotic and often indifferent environment the human spirit relentlessly yearns for connection, purpose, and unity. Originally conceived on guitar, ‘Daydreamer’ underwent a transformative evolution in the studio. Renowned producer and artist Mark Beling reimagined the track with a sophisticated, piano-driven arrangement enriched by subtle string layers. This innovative production not only deepens the emotional resonance of Dylan’s soulful vocals but also enhances the song’s universal message of hope and renewal. Dylan Tori adds: “’Daydreamer’ is incredibly personal. It’s about the struggle of finding meaning amid global uncertainty and the everyday pressures that challenge our creative spirit. I wrote this song to remind all of us that even when the world seems overwhelming, our dreams and our hope can light the way forward. I hope it inspires every listener to embrace that shared journey towards a better, more united world.” View More Visting Maps in South Africa On the 27th of July 2023 South African Tourism unveiled Siya Kolisi as the new Global Brand Advocate. In an exciting event hosted at Hotel Sky in Sandton the well curated event saw some of South Africa’s most exceptional figures in sports, arts and culture converge for robust conversation about excelling as South African’s. It was also an opportune moment to launch “The Best Of Us” visual content piece that features Siya Kolisi and South Africa’s beautiful landscapes and people. South Africa is a country like no other. It is the ideal destination for those seeking a unique sensory/spiritual reawakening, a place that leaves its visitors feeling inspired, enriched and rejuvenated. South Africa gives travellers the opportunity to reconnect with real life South Africa offers a diversity of options to suit every traveller that will excite and revive you, that will suit your pocket, that will answer your every need and desire. South Africa is a welcoming, friendly and fun destination, with people known for warmth, hospitality and authenticity. So... Come to South AfricaThe We Do Tourism campaign is aimed at each and every South African! It is about each of us seeing the value of tourism, understanding how it impacts our lives, and how we can play a role in growing it. View More South Africa Rainbow Nation Rainbow nation" is a term coined by Archbishop Desmond Tutu to describe post-apartheid South Africa after South Africa 's first democratic election in 1994. The phrase was elaborated upon by President Nelson Mandela in his first month of office, when he proclaimed: "Each of us is as intimately attached to the soil of this beautiful country as are the famous jacaranda trees of Pretoria and the mimosa trees of the bushveld – a rainbow nation at peace with itself and the world. The term was intended to encapsulate the unity of multi-culturalism and the coming-together of people of many different nations, in a country once identified with the strict division of white and black under the Apartheid regime.[2] In a series of televised appearances, Tutu spoke of the "Rainbow People of God". As a cleric, this metaphor drew upon the Old Testament story of Noah's Flood and its ensuing rainbow of peace. Within South African indigenous cultures, the rainbow is associated with hope and a bright future. The secondary metaphor the rainbow allows is more political. Unlike the primary metaphor, the room for different cultural interpretations of the colour spectrum is slight. Whether the rainbow has Isaac Newton 's seven colours, or five of the Nguni (i.e. Xhosa and Zulu ) cosmology, the colours are not taken literally to represent particular cultural groups. View More The Big Five of South Africa Even though you know that Africa and South Africa are so much more than the Big Five, the familiar images soon begin playing in your mind: lions roaring; elephants trumpeting; buffalos lurking in long grass; rhinos standing stately under a thorn tree; leopards prowling in the gathering darkness. You’ve seen the Big Five in books and you’ve seen them on TV. But it’s time to come and see them for yourself. The real thing. In person. And there’s no better place for this than South Africa, which offers the most exciting, memorable and exhilarating experience of your life – coming face to face with the Big Five. Origin of the name How did these five animals – the lion, elephant, buffalo, rhinoceros and leopard – come to be called the Big Five? It was originally a hunting term used by the so-called ‘great white hunters’ in the hunting heyday of the 19th and early 20thcenturies, when professional hunters bagged as many trophies as possible in as short a time as possible. Considered a rite of passage for seasoned travellers, everybody from American presidents to European royalty and heads of state came to Africa to shoot a large, dangerous animal. The Big Five quickly became known as the most dangerous animals to hunt on foot, and the name stuck – although now ‘shooting’ is done through a camera lens. View More Radio SAM Broadcasting Studios Germany We built ‘Radio SAM Broadcaster Germany’ for YOU…….. For you to NEVER miss that amazing event. We strive to, at all times, try to take the hassle out of finding out where that favourite artist is performing, have a look at some other artists also performing, and at what venue it is going to be held, at what time, and maybe it will be the end of life as you know it. We love radio! Radio SAM Broadcaster Germany makes life a little easier for everyone who feels the same way. We offer you the opportunity to listen to internet radio from all over the world in a particularly uncomplicated manner and free of charge. With the push of a button, you can also record it very easily thanks to Radio SAM Broadcaster Germany. Don't you ever want to miss your favorite internet radio radio again? Our tools make it possible! You can put together your own program in the Radio SAM Broadcaster Germany player, in the app and directly on our website. This is then conveniently recorded and saved for you. If you just want to listen to your favorite online radio stations, you can of course do so here: You can click through the music genres or topics you want and you will find enough material to stream continuously for days! View More Our Partners BACK TO THE TOP OF THE PAGE

Brief history of South Africa and why it has three capital cities Tracing the historical tapestry of South Africa reveals a complex narrative of migration, colonization, struggle, and rebirth. This story is not only about the diverse peoples and cultures that have shaped the nation but also about its unique political landscape, epitomized by its having three capital cities: Cape Town, Pretoria, and Bloemfontein, with the Constitutional Court in Johannesburg. This arrangement, a testament to the country’s multifaceted history, serves as a symbol of its ongoing quest for unity and balance. In the article below, World History Edu delves into the brief history of South Africa and the rationale behind its three capital cities. Early History The history of South Africa begins long before the arrival of Europeans, with its indigenous peoples—the San and Khoikhoi (collectively Khoisan), Zulus, Xhosas, and various other groups—each with their distinct cultures and societies. The first significant European contact came in 1652 when the Dutch East India Company established a supply station at what is now Cape Town, marking the beginning of European colonization. Colonial Era Over the centuries, the Cape Colony expanded, displacing the indigenous Khoisan and later, through the Great Trek in the 1830s, encountering and often clashing with other African groups. The discovery of diamonds in 1867 and gold in 1886 drew British interest, leading to the Anglo-Zulu War and the Anglo-Boer Wars, reflecting the tension between the British Empire and the Afrikaner (Dutch-descended) settlers, known as Boers. Union of South Africa The British victory in the SecondAnglo-Boer War ended with the Treaty of Vereeniging in 1902, leading to the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. This union merged the Cape Colony, Natal, Transvaal, and the Orange Free State . It was a significant moment, symbolizing the unity of English and Afrikaner populations under a single national identity, albeit within a framework that entrenched white minority rule over the majority black population. Apartheid Era The National Party’s electoral victory in 1948 ushered in the era of apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination that severely restricted the rights of the majority black inhabitants, while consolidating power within the white minority. Apartheid, meaning “apartness” in Afrikaans, was formalized in 1948, institutionalizing racial segregation and discrimination. Laws defined racial groups and controlled the movement and rights of non-white South Africans. Image: An apartheid sign, written in both Afrikaans and English. Resistance to apartheid was met with harsh repression, symbolized by events such as the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960 and the Soweto Uprising in 1976. International pressure and internal dissent, including from Nelson Mandela ’s African National Congress, eventually led to negotiations to end apartheid. Apartheid in South Africa: Origin and Meaning Did you know…? South Africa stands out in Africa as one of the few countries never to have experienced a coup d’état. This distinction can be attributed to its long history of regular electoral processes, which have been in place for more than a century. The nation’s political stability is also rooted in its foundation, composed of four traditional colonies: Cape Province, Natal, the Orange River Colony, and Transvaal. These regions coalesced to form a unified state, navigating through complex political landscapes without resorting to military takeovers. End of Apartheid and Beyond The release of Nelson Mandela in 1990 marked the beginning of the end for apartheid. Subsequent negotiations led to the first multiracial elections in 1994, which were won by the African National Congress, making Mandela the country’s first black president. South Africa embarked on a path of reconciliation and reconstruction, addressing the inequalities and divisions of the past. Nelson Mandela’s role in the fight against apartheid in South Africa The apartheid regime began to crumble in the late 1980s under internal and international pressure. Image: A photo of Alan Paton, a staunch South African anti-apartheid activist. Why Three Capitals? At the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, there was significant debate over the location of the capital. Each region had its own preferred city, reflective of its historical, political, and economic importance. Pretoria – Chosen as the administrative capital, it was significant to the Boers and housed the Union Buildings, the official seat of the South African government and the office of the president. Cape Town – Became the legislative capital, hosting the Parliament of South Africa. Its historical significance as the initial point of European settlement in South Africa made it a logical choice. Bloemfontein – Selected as the judicial capital, it was central and had historical importance to the Afrikaner people. The Supreme Court of Appeal is located here. This arrangement was a strategic move to appease various factions within South Africa by distributing power and acknowledging the country’s multifaceted identity. It must also be noted that South Africa’s unique arrangement of having three capital cities is recognized by the United Nations. Following the transition to a non-racial democracy in 1994, discussions emerged about consolidating governmental functions in Pretoria or establishing a new capital, akin to Washington D.C. or Brasilia, to symbolize a break from colonial and apartheid pasts. Proposals by some ANC (African National Congress) leaders to build a new capital aimed to shed the remnants of oppression and start anew. However, the idea of a single or new capital faced resistance due to the desire to maintain the established balance and recognition of the symbolic and practical importance of each capital. Moreover, the government faced pressing challenges, such as improving infrastructure, education, health, and sanitation, which took precedence over the monumental task of relocating the capital. By distributing the main branches of government across different cities, South Africa aimed to promote unity and prevent any single region from dominating the country’s political landscape. Johannesburg: South Africa’s Economic Heartbeat The Constitutional Court’s placement in Johannesburg, South Africa’s largest and economically most powerful city, in the post-apartheid era, added a fourth dimension to the country’s governance landscape. Image: The city of Johannesburg. While not a capital city, Johannesburg’s significance cannot be overlooked. It is the economic powerhouse of South Africa, home to the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and major international companies. The Constitutional Court, South Africa’s highest court on constitutional matters, is also located here, underscoring the city’s importance despite it not being a capital. Did you know…? Bloemfontein, established as the capital of the Orange Free State in 1854, was selected as the judicial capital due to its central location, which symbolically and practically positioned it as the heart of the country’s legal system. The city’s name, meaning “fountain of flowers” in Dutch, reflects its pleasant aesthetic and central role. Pretoria’s history as a center for foreign embassies, governmental departments, and as the site where the peace treaty ending the First Boer War was signed, underscored its importance. Its proximity to Johannesburg, South Africa’s economic hub, further solidified its status as a key city in the nation’s governance. Cape Town’s role as the legislative capital is rooted in its deep historical significance. As a crucial stopover on the spice trade route from the 15th century and later as a way-station established by the Dutch East India Company in the 1650s, Cape Town has been at the forefront of South Africa’s history. Serving as the capital of the British Cape Province since 1840, its selection maintained continuity with its long-standing administrative role. Historical Place In South Africa District Six Museum Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa The District Six Museum is dedicated to the history of District Six, an area destroyed during the Apartheid. Peta Stamper About District Six Museum The District Six Museum in Cape Town, South Africa is a museum which serves as a memorial to and celebration of District Six, immersing visitors in what was a thriving community destroyed during the Apartheid. Today, the District Six Museum offers guided tours of District Six (often with ex-residents) but note these must be booked in advance. Other exhibitions are located at the District Six Museum Homecoming Centre; specifically sports exhibitions on local and international football, focusing on apartheid and its effects on the sport and the lives of the people that played it. District Six Museum history The District Six Foundation was established in 1989 and shortly after joined by the museum in 1994. Together, the institutions formed a memorial to the forced movement of around 60,000 inhabitants of varying backgrounds during South Africa’s Apartheid in the 1960s. The museum itself had been an old Methodist church. The area of District Six was originally populated by freed enslaved people after abolition in 1833, and made up a tenth of Cape Town’s population. The neighbourhood was a community of former slaves, artisans, merchants as well as immigrants and Malay people brought by the Dutch East India Company . As part of the apartheid movement, however, Cape Town declared the district a ‘whites only’ area in 1966, and demolition began soon afterwards. By 1982, over 60,000 people had been forcibly relocated to the bleak Cape Flats area, around 25 kilometres away. District Six Museum today Today, you can walk the museum floor covered by a large map of the district and accompanied by hand-written notes from former inhabitants about where they used to live. The museum’s collections also features old traffic signs, exhibits that explain historical events and explore the lives of families living in the area that was demolished. Additionally, the District Six Museum offers programmes to help develop the district: the museum is dedicated to constructing new housing, environmental planning as well as supporting cultural activities such as music and literature. Getting to the District Six Museum If using public transport around Cape Town, then buses 103, 104 and 111 all stop at Lower Buitenkant just a minute’s walk from the District Six Museum. The 102 and 113 buses stop along Darling Street nearby. For those driving, the museum is located near the waterfront just off the motorways 1 and 2 at exits 3 and 2. Apartheid Museum Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa The Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg tells the story of South Africa’s apartheid regime and how it eventually fell. Antara Bate About Apartheid Museum The Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg chronicles the history of apartheid in South Africa and the struggle for human rights which ended this regime of racial segregation. Apartheid Museum history From 1948, when the National Party came to power, until 1994 South Africa had a series of racially discriminatory laws which oppressed certain races, particularly anybody of non-white descent. People were categorised according to their race and those who were not white were treated as second class citizens. This was the period known as the Apartheid. The Apartheid Museum opened in 2001 and is acknowledged as the pre-eminent museum in the world dealing with 20th century South Africa, at the heart of which is the apartheid story. The Apartheid Museum, the first of its kind, illustrates the rise and fall of apartheid. An architectural consortium, comprising several leading architectural firms, conceptualised the design of the building on a seven-hectare stand. The exhibits have been assembled and organised by a multi-disciplinary team of curators, filmmakers, historians and designers. They include provocative film footage, photographs, text panels and artefacts illustrating the events and human stories. The museum is registered as a Public Benefit Company with an independent board of trustees. Apartheid Museum today Through its twenty-two exhibition areas, comprising original artefacts, information panels and multimedia presentations including films, the Apartheid Museum provides an in-depth insight into life under the apartheid regime. It also looks at the gradual campaign against the apartheid and the struggle for equal rights led by Nelson Mandela, the country’s eventual president. The exhibits include permanent exhibits, temporary exhibits and a specific Mandela exhibit dedicated to the influential figure. The sheer volume of information can make it an overwhelming experience; particularly distressing is a small chamber in which hang 131 nooses, representative of the 131 government opponents who were executed under antiterrorism laws. Getting to the Apartheid Museum The museum is located 8km south of the city centre, just off the M1 freeway. The site is less than half an hour away from central Johannesburg by bus. Robben Island Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa Dutch for ‘seal island’, Robben Island is one of the world’s most famous prisons and is best known as the home to not one but three former South African presidents, Kgalema Motlanthe, Jacob Zuma and for 18 of his 27 years of incarceration, Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. About Robben Island Robben Island, off the coast of Cape Town in South Africa was a notorious prison, best known for its internment of political prisoners during South African apartheid. Its most famous prisoner – prisoner 466/64 – was Nelson Mandela, the anti-apartheid activist who would later become the country’s president. History of Robben Island Robben Island was used as a prison as far back as the 17th century, when the Dutch settled on the mainland. Since then, it has been used as a World War Two military base to protect the city of Cape Town (resulting in the construction of artillery batteries, fortifications, and an airstrip) and a 19th century hospital for the seriously ill, such as patients with leprosy. However, whatever its other uses, Robben Island was used as a prison in one measure or another until the 20th century. Even in its time as a hospital Robben Island was prison-like, its isolation ensuring that diseases could not be spread to the mainland. Furthermore, prisoners were kept here even whilst it housed the hospital. From 1961, the South African government used Robben Island as a prison, housing many political prisoners. In all, Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for almost 27 years, many of them at Robben Island, together with many other anti-apartheid activists. Robben Island’s prison closed in 1996. Robben Island today Today, Robben Island is a UNESCO World Heritage historic site and a museum. A visit to Robben Island is by way of a standardised 3.5 hour guided tour (time includes two 30min ferry rides). In addition to touring the maximum security prison buildings, the tour includes a 45 minute guided bus ride around the island and interaction with a former Robben Island prisoner. There is also a small penguin colony on the island. A visit to Robben Island provides a fascinating insight into the island’s history and that of South Africa. It is worth noting however that tours can get fairly crowded, so book ahead. There are also exhibits at the Nelson Mandela Gateway museum, worth seeing, especially if you can’t make it to the Island. Getting to Robben Island Located 7.2 miles from the mainland (8.2 miles from Cape Town), the only way to get to Robben Island is by ferry. This departs from Nelson Mandela Gateway, Clock Tower Precinct at the V&A Waterfront in Cape Town – visitors disembark and re-embark at Murray’s Bay Harbour situated on the east coast of the Island. The ferry is included in the price of the ticket. Constitution Hill About Perched above Johannesburg, Constitution Hill offers a captivating glimpse into South Africa's past. This former prison complex is now home to the Number Four museum, the Women's Gaol museum, and the Old Fort museum. Once called The Fort, it gained notoriety for its harsh treatment of political prisoners and common criminals. Notable figures like Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi were once held here. Exploring this site provides a thought-provoking experience that sheds light on the country's history. Mentioned on articles The story of the tumultuous history of South Africa and its remarkable transition to democracy can be told nowhere, as it is at Constitution Hill. Constitutional hill is the birthplace of the Constitutional Court of South Africa-the nation’s highest court in constitutional affairs and a National Heritage of the Johannesburg CBD. Once South African leaders of the political activists, Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi included, had been detained in an environment of poverty and violence, the site became a place of unity and democracy, a home for the Women’s Gaol, the Number Four Museum and the Old Fort Museum. Constitution Hill, a once notorious prison under the Apartheid regime, is now the location of the South Africa’s Constitutional Court. With the prison complex still intact, you will be able to learn more about the lives of political prisoners and South Africa’s turbulent history in a visual and engaging way. You will be able to enter the Constitutional Court (if there aren’t any formal proceedings underway), soak up the atmosphere and marvel at the impressive artworks and artefacts contributed by famous artists and activists. Attractions such as the Apartheid Museum, Gold Reef City and Constitution Hill offer snapshots into these important Jo'burg attributes, while other sites like Nelson Mandela Square and the Mandela House remind locals and visitors about the monumental impact Mandela had on the city. However, Johannesburg doesn't just focus on the past. Since apartheid, the city has evolved into a vibrant urban center, thanks in part to its trendy fashion boutiques, hip music, bohemian art and array of international cuisine. Overlooking the city of Johannesburg, Constitution Hill is a former prison, which provides fascinating insight into South Africa's history. At the site, you can explore provocative exhibits at the Number Four museum, the Women's Gaol museum, and the Old Fort museum. Together, the precinct was once known as The Fort, and it forged a reputation for its brutal treatment of political prisoners, Rissik Street Post Office (1897) About Rissik Street Post Office (1897) was once the tallest building in the city, symbolizing institutional power. Today, it stands as a charred remnant of its former grandeur. After being abandoned by postal services in 1996, there were attempts to sell it to a Malaysian hotel developer for R35-million, but the deal collapsed. This historic landmark holds great significance in Johannesburg's history and heritage. Highlighted reviews Mentioned on articles When the post office was built it was the tallest building in the city and an imposing marker of institutional power. It now stands as a burnt shell of it’s former self. Two years after the already poorly maintained building was deserted by postal services in 1996 it was almost sold for R35-million to a Malaysian hotel developer but the deal fell through. Dutch architect Sytze Wierda played a massive role in shaping both Pretoria and Johannesburg as the appointed designer and engineer under president Paul Kruger. His most notable work is the Rissik Street Post Office. The building as it is today is not the original since most of it burned down during a massive fire in 2009. If for any reason none appear click here for some troubleshooting tips. If you would like to post a comment and need assistance click here. Irrelevant and inappropriate comments will be removed by the moderator. The Rissik Street Post Office, built in 1897 (and declared a national monument in 1978), remains a fine example of Victorian architectural finesse. Hillbrow Tower About Hillbrow Tower, the tallest structure in Johannesburg standing at 269 meters, is owned by Telkom and serves as a microwave tower. It offers panoramic views of the city and its surroundings. Menu and popular items Garden Mentioned on articles The Hillbrow Tower is a tall tower located in the suburb of Hillbrow in Johannesburg, South Africa. At 269 m, it has been the tallest structure and tower in Africa for 40 years, and it was also the tallest structure in the Southern Hemisphere until 1978, when surpassed by the 270m Mount Isa Chimney in Queensland, Australia. Construction of the tower began in June 1968 and was completed three years later, in April 1971. Hillbrow Tower is a 269m stunning tower that was known to be South Africa’s tallest structure and tower for 40 years. This was also ranked as the first Grey area of South Africa where blacks and whites could live together. Hillbrow Tower is also considered to be one of Johannesburg’s two iconic towers that are used to identify the Johannesburg skyline and many famous events also took place here in 2012 and 2013. The Hillbrow Tower is the highest structure in Johannesburg, and is probably the city's most recognisable landmark. The Hillbrow Tower was previously known as the JG Strijdom Tower. It was built over three years, between June 1968 and April 1971, and is 269m high. This is the highest structure of Johannesburg, 269 metres, and is owned by Telkom and is used as a microwave tower. Big Hole Complex During a visit to the Big Hole in Kimberley, South Africa you will not only see the largest man made hole in the world but also the largest diamond display in the world. Various displays will introduce you to the world of diamond mining and all aspects of diamonds as well as the history of diamonds in South Africa. On show is also the Old Town witch will give you an idea of what Kimberley looked like more than 100 years ago. We have various shops on the site where you could buy curios as well as diamonds and jewellery. Also available is a coffee shop and bar to quench your thirst and hunger. We are fully wheelchair friendly. Open every day of the year from 08:00 to 17:00 Guided tours on offer. The Honoured Dead Memorial he Honoured Dead Memorial is a provincial heritage site in Kimberley in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated at the meeting point of five roads, and commemorates those who died defending the city during the 124 day Siege of Kimberley in the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902. In 1986, it was described in the Government Gazette as Cecil John Rhodes commissioned Sir Herbert Baker (Baker & Masey Architects – Herbert Baker & Francis Edward Masey) to design a memorial…which commemorates those who fell during the Kimberley Siege. Rhodes sent Baker to Greece to study ancient memorials – the Nereid Monument at Xanthus greatly influenced his design. The monument is built of sandstone quarried in the Matopo Hills in Zimbabwe and is the tomb of 27 soldiers. It features an inscription that Rhodes specifically commissioned Rudyard Kipling to write. The Long Cecil gun that was designed and manufactured by George Frederick Labram, who died on 9 February 1900, in the workshops of De Beers during the siege is mounted on its stylobate (facing the Free State). It is surrounded by shells from the Boer Long Tom. The memorial was dedicated on 28 November 1904. It was vandalised in 2010 when brass fittings were broken off parts of the gun. Nationales Frauendenkmal The National Women's Monument[1] (Afrikaans : Nasionale Vrouemonument) in Bloemfontein , South Africa , is a monument commemorating the roughly 27,000 Boers who died in British concentration camps during the Second Boer War . The Monument is a Provincial Heritage Site[1] in the Free State . The monument was designed by a Pretoria architect, Frans Soff, and the sculpting was done by Anton van Wouw . It consists of an obelisk about 35m in height and low, semi-circular walls on two sides. A central bronze group, sketched by English activist Emily Hobhouse and depicting her own experience of 15 May 1901, is of two sorrowing women and a dying child in the Springfontein camp. The monument was unveiled on 16 December 1913, attended by about 20,000 South Africans. Thirteen years later, Emily Hobhouse's ashes were ensconced at the foot of the monument. Also beside the monument are the graves of Christiaan de Wet , Rev. John Daniel Kestell, President of the Orange Free State Martinus Steyn , and his wife. Historical Landmarks to Visit in South Africa Boulders Beach Boulders Beach, near Cape Town, is famous for its colony of adorable African penguins. It is a fun place to visit because you can see these cute birds up close as they waddle and swim. The beach is named after the large granite boulders that protect it from big waves. This special spot combines nature and history, making it a must-see for everyone visiting South Africa. Cradle of Humankind Just next to Johannesburg is the Cradle of Humankind, which remains an important place to study ancient humans. These huge sites contain a great number of limestone caves, which hold old human bones. You can catch really cool tours there about how humans have changed over time. Montecasino Montecasino is located in Johannesburg, which looks like an old Italian village. There is fun to be found there, with things like theatres, shops, and even a bird park. Although Montecasino is not ancient, it brings one a taste of history through its beautiful architecture and cobblestone streets. It is a place to have the best exploration, a lot of fun, and learn a bit about Italian culture in South Africa. Voortrekker Monument The Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria honours the pioneers who left the Cape Colony during the Great Trek. This huge granite building is surrounded by a circular wall with pictures showing their history. The monument also offers amazing views of the city and nearby areas. Castle of Good Hope The Castle of Good Hope in Cape Town is the oldest colonial building in South Africa. The Dutch East India Company built it in the 17th century as a supply station for ships travelling to the East. Today, it has military and historical exhibits, and visitors can explore its impressive architecture and history. Isandlwana Battlefield The Isandlwana Battlefield in KwaZulu-Natal is where one of the most important battles in South African history took place. In 1879, Zulu warriors defeated British forces in a surprising victory. Guided tours of the battlefield tell the story of this historic event and its impact. Nelson Mandela Capture Site As the name suggests, this famous site marked the history of Nelson Mandela’s arrest in 1962. You will find it near Howick in KwaZulu-Natal. The site has an iconic sculpture of Mandela and a historic museum where the story of his life and legacy is narrated. It’s a powerful reminder of the struggle of this amazing leader against apartheid and a journey towards freedom. Union Buildings The Union Buildings in Pretoria are where the South African government and the President’s office are located. Designed by Sir Herbert Baker, these famous buildings are surrounded by beautiful gardens and offer amazing views of the city. Nelson Mandela was inaugurated here as South Africa’s first black president in 1994. Freedom Park Freedom Park in Pretoria shows the spirit of South Africa’s fight for freedom. The park has a memorial, museum, and garden to honour those who gave their lives for the country’s freedom. Visitors can think about the nation’s history and appreciate the progress made. Tips When Visiting Historical Sites Plan Ahead: Check opening times and consider purchasing tickets online to avoid long lines. Guided Tours: Join guided tours with experts for cool stories and facts. Pack Snacks and Water: Historical sites can be big, so stay hydrated and energized. Wear Comfortable Shoes: You’ll be walking a lot, so comfy shoes are a must! Respect the Site: Follow the rules, don’t touch displays, and keep the area clean. Take Photos: Capture moments, but be considerate of places where taking photos is prohibited. Bring a Notebook: Jot down cool facts and what you have learned to share with others. Ask Questions: Don’t be shy. Asking questions can make your visit more interesting! Conclusion South Africa’s historical landmarks offer a profound journey through time, from ancient human origins to modern struggles for freedom. Each site, from Boulders Beach to Freedom Park, tells a unique story that has shaped the nation. Whether marvelling at the Cradle of Humankind or reflecting at the Nelson Mandela Capture Site, these landmarks provide an enriching experience for history enthusiasts and curious travellers, offering deep insights into South Africa’s rich and diverse heritage. So, pack your bag with a guide of Travel bacpack and embark on an unforgettable journey through South Africa’s storied past. Absolute Best Places to Visit in South Africa ( & Tips) If you are reading this because you searched for the best places to visit in South Africa, then it probably means that you already know that South Africa is one of the most remarkable countries in the world and that you are considering a trip there. Go for it! South Africa is one of the most beautiful destinations you’ll ever visit! South Africa is so special and unique that it’s often called The World in One Country. And so it is! S-A is like a perfect mix of the very best of the entire world in one place. At the same time, it’s like no other place on Earth… In this article, you can find a list of the very best places to see in South Africa. 17 incredible destinations in South Africa that are worth a trip from the other side of the world. Find out! Disclosure: This article is sponsored by South African Tourism. It’s not a secret that South Africa is our absolute favorite country in the world, so we are really excited to be working with them to inspire you to discover this incredible country. All opinions and enthusiasm about South Africa are, of course, our own. We fell in love with South Africa the first time we visited it many years ago and I’m sure you’ll feel the same way too. It’s a place that captures your heart forever. Camps Bay and Twelve Apostles Mountain Range near Cape Town Below, you can find the list of the most amazing places you should visit in South Africa. This is in no way a complete list, but it should give you a good idea of what to expect and where to go when visiting for the first time. It’s the list of the very best things to do and places to see in South Africa. I ranked this list by putting my own favorites on top. So if you are limited in time, I suggest that you start with the top of the list and work your way down. At the bottom of this article, you can also find the map indicating all the main tourist attractions in South Africa mentioned in this post. Find out! TIP: If you are not sure how to plan your trip, please check our South Africa 2 week itinerary that covers most of the must-see places in South Africa. Please note that it’s a very complete itinerary, but it doesn’t leave much extra time to explore deeper. If you want to visit every place from this list, you’ll need at least 3 weeks and it will be rushed. If you want to see all the best places in South Africa mentioned in this article AND have some time to explore somewhat deeper, you’ll probably need at least a month… These are the best places to visit in South Africa: Cape Town If there is one place you absolutely have to see in South Africa, it’s Cape Town. It was the oldest European establishment in South Africa (1652) and is therefore often referred to as the Mother City. It’s difficult to describe in just a few words what Cape Town is all about. You really have to experience it in order to be able to appreciate the mingle of African and European cultures, a mix of tradition and modern, and the unique blend of city life and nature… If South Africa is the world in one country, then Cape Town is the world in one city. Absolutely not to be missed when visiting South Africa! Here are some of the main places you have to see in Cape Town: Victoria and Alfred Waterfront, Table Mountain, Signal Hill & Lion’s Head, Robben Island, Bo-Kaap area, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Two Oceans Aquarium, and also the city center with its local markets, shops, restaurants, and museums. TIP: If the gondola to the top of Table Mountain is open, go there first. It often gets closed due to high winds, so don’t leave it for the last day. Cape Town is an absolute must-see in South Africa Cape Peninsula Together with Cape Town, Cape Peninsula is one of the most impressive regions of South Africa. This is one of those places that you really don’t want to miss! The absolute highlights of the Cape Peninsula include Cape of Good Hope and Cape Point and the stunning 12 Apostles coastline from Camps Bay to Hout Bay and further south along Chapman’s Peak Drive. Not to be missed is Simon’s Town with Boulder’s Beach penguin colony (yes, you can see wild penguins in South Africa!) and also an ocean walkway from Muizenberg to Kalk Bay via St. James beach is really nice. Groot Constantia wine region in Cape Peninsula has spectacular scenery and some of the best wines in South Africa. Also, in Hout Bay you can take a boat to see a seal colony – it’s called Duiker Island, but most people just refer to it as Hout Bay Seal Island. This is a very popular tourist attraction, so you may want to book in advance. For a more unique experience, you can even go snorkeling with the seals. TIP: One day is hardly enough to see the highlights of Cape Peninsula. So if you can, try to spend at least a few days in this area. I recommend at least a week for Cape Town and Cape Peninsula, with 3-4 days being an absolute minimum. Cape Peninsula is one of the most beautiful places in the world The Garden Route Another absolutely amazing region, the Garden Route is one of those places you really have to see in South Africa as well. This +-200km stretch between Mossel Bay and Stormsrivier is one of the most scenic routes in the world, but you have to take the time in order to truly appreciate it. You could drive the Garden Route in just half a day, but you won’t see much just by sitting in the car. So ideally you take at least a couple of days to explore this area. Some of the nicest places along the Garden Route are Storms River and Tsitsikamma National Park, Robberg Nature Reserve, Plettenberg Bay, the whole area around Knysna (don’t miss the Heads and the Featherbed Private Nature Reserve!), Wilderness, and the beautiful coastline along the entire route. Oudtshoorn, famous for its ostrich farms and Cango Caves, is a bit out of the way from the rest, but it’s also considered as part of the Garden Route. Well worth a visit. TIP: If you are traveling with kids or if you just love wildlife, don’t miss Monkeyland and Birds of Eden (both just next to each other). Plettenberg Bay Game Reserve is a great place for a family-friendly safari along the Garden Route and Knysna Elephant Park is one of the best ethical places to interact with elephants in South Africa. Tsitsikamma National Park along the Garden Route Blyde Canyon & Panorama Route Blyde River Canyon is one of the most beautiful natural landmarks of South Africa. It’s also one of the largest canyons in the world. Due to its proximity to several main entrances of Kruger National Park, Blyde River Canyon Nature Reserve and the whole Panorama Route make a very popular day trip in the area. Together with Kruger NP, Blyde River Canyon is one of the most popular tourist attractions in northern South Africa. Start your day with breakfast at the famous Harrie’s Pancakes in Graskop. Then head north to the Pinnacle, God’s Window, and Wonder View. Further highlights of the Panorama Route include Lisbon Falls and Berlin Falls, also Bourke’s Luck Potholes, and Lowveld viewpoint. But the most impressive of them all is the Three Rondavels viewpoint. The scenery here is simply spectacular! Three Rondavels was one of the first places we visited just after arrival in South Africa and that image stayed with us forever. It was here that we fell in love with this amazingly diverse country and realized that it has so much more to offer than we ever imagined… Don’t miss if you are visiting Kruger NP and have a day to spare! If you have more time, you can also consider a visit to the Echo Caves or a small museum-town called Pilgrim’s Rest. Blyde River Canyon along the Panorama Route Hermanus Hermanus is my husband’s favorite place in South Africa, one we always wish we had stayed longer at… The town itself isn’t that special, but its coastline is second to none! Grab a picnic and explore the beautiful coastal walking path. The bay near Hermanus is known as the best place to see whales and dolphins in South Africa and it definitely lives up to its reputation! You can take a whale watching boat tour and get really close to these majestic animals, but you can usually also see them from ashore. Both experiences are very different and each special in their own way. I really recommend both – taking the boat tour and also walking the coastal route in Hermanus and watching whales and dolphins from the shore. Please note that whales are not always around. The best time to see whales in Hermanus is between June and December, but some years they arrive earlier or leave later, so you just never know. We have been on many whale-watching tours all over the world, but nowhere did we see so many whales from so close by as in Hermanus. There were tens of whales just meters away from our boat… We also saw hundreds of dolphins while walking along the coast. It sure is one of the best places to go whale – and dolphin-watching in the world. TIP: Nearby Gansbaai is also a beautiful place with a stunning coastline and a good chance to see the whales. It’s not as well known and therefore much less visited than Hermanus, but it’s a perfect place to visit for those who have more time in the area and looking to discover some off-beat hidden gems. Hermanus coastline – can you spot the dolphins? South Africa Wine Region: Stellenbosch and Franschhoek South Africa has become world-famous for its wines and the best region to see the wineries and taste some wines is the beautiful area between Stellenbosch, Paarl, and Franschhoek. This wine region is just a short drive from Cape Town and is therefore really easy to visit, even if you only have limited time in South Africa. Stellenbosch and Paarl are bigger towns and I’m not sure if they are worth a visit, but the nearby wineries and the surrounding scenery is a must. We loved the quaint little Franschhoek town with its white buildings, hilly landscapes, and a very cozy atmosphere. Such a beautiful region – a place you have to see in South Africa! TIP: Don’t drink and drive! If you are staying in Cape Town, you can visit the wine region with an organized day tour. Here is one of the best-rated and most complete wine region tours from Cape Town that I was able to find. Franschhoek – Stellenbosch wine region Agulhas – Southernmost Tip Of Africa Cape Agulhas, the Southernmost place in Africa, is so far from every other landmark in South Africa and main tourist routes that it doesn’t get the attention it deserves. But what a beautiful and unique place it is! Standing at this point where two oceans meet you truly feel like you’ve reached the end of the world… The best way to visit Cape Agulhas is by making a stop there on your way from Cape Town to the Garden Route (or vice versa). We once did it in a day, just stopping there when driving from Knysna to Cape Town, but it was a really long drive. TIP: I suggest that you break the drive and either stay in Cape Agulhas or in the area around Hermanus or Gansbaai for one night. Cape Agulhas, the place where Indian Ocean meets the Atlantic Ocean Drakensberg Another wonderful region a bit off the beaten tourist path in South Africa is the Drakensberg mountains. The Dragon Mountain is a +-200km mountain range between the Kingdom of Lesotho and KwaZulu Natal province in South Africa, a few hours drive from Durban. The region is known for its incredible vistas, countless waterfalls, mountain streams, rock pools, caves, and tranquil scenery pretty much undisturbed by human development. The Drakensberg is the highest mountain range in South Africa and if you visit here in the winter (July) as we did, be prepared for the freezing cold temperatures at night. Theoretically, you could visit the Drakensberg region just for a day, but ideally, you spend at least a couple of days here. There is a wide range of outdoor activities available, such as hiking or golf to mention just a few… TIP: If you stay close to the Underberg area (we stayed at this hotel), you can pop over the border and visit Lesotho for a day (day tours are available too). Drakensberg mountain range Addo Elephant National Park If you are looking for a malaria-free family-friendly safari experience in Africa, Addo Elephant National Park is one of the very best places to do that. South Africa’s third-largest National Park is located in the southern part of the country, close to Port Elizabeth and just a few hours drive from the Garden Route. As the name suggests, Addo Elephant NP is a perfect place to see wild elephants. This park is home to over 600 elephants and they are all around. Many other African animals live here as well and if you are really lucky, you may even get to spot The Big 5… TIP: You can easily explore the park on a self-drive safari. But – as always – a guided open-jeep safari tour will give you a very different experience. If you come here for a few days and have your own car, I suggest you do both – visit the park on your own but also book at least one safari ride. Elephants in Addo Elephant National Park iSimangaliso Wetland Park Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, iSimangaliso Wetland Park has a lot to more to offer than it looks at first sight. It’s not that widely known and definitely not one of the main tourist attractions in South Africa, but it’s well worth a trip. iSimangaliso Wetland Park has it all: beautiful scenery, unique landscapes, white-sand beaches, snorkeling, diving, and lots of wildlife. You can expect to see rhino, zebra, buffalo, troop baboons, wildebeest, and even elephants, to name just a few… One of the main reasons tourists visit this area is to see hippos in the wild. iSimangaliso Wetland Park is a paradise for water-loving animals and is, therefore, one of the best places to see hippos and crocodiles in South Africa. TIP: You can visit the park by car, but if you really want to get close to the hippos and the crocodiles in a safe way, it’s best to book St. Lucia estuary boat tour. The boat tour takes just two hours, so you can spend the rest of the time self-driving and exploring the park. The safest way to see hippos is from a boat Pilanesberg National Park Just over 2 hours drive from Johannesburg, Pilanesberg National Park is probably one of the easiest and best-accessible places for a wildlife safari in South Africa. Pilanesberg Game Reserve is set in an extinct volcanic crater, where the soil is rich with grasslands, perfect for wildlife. A man-made lake, Mankwe Dam, is used as a drinking waterhole – a perfect place to see African animals. Wildlife here includes zebras, lions, elephants, rhinos, leopards, and many other species. Because the park is rather small, it’s quite easy to find the animals, even if you come here just for a few hours. TIP: You can visit Pilanesberg National Park as a day trip from Johannesburg, but if you have some time to spare, stay a few days. If you like places like Las Vegas in the US, don’t miss the nearby Sun City with entertainment for young and old. From luxury resorts and casinos, waterparks and golfing, to outdoor activities, wildlife viewing, and even hot air balloon safari – this area truly has it all. Can you imagine going on a hot-air balloon safari?! Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park One can never have too many safari experiences in Africa, right? So if you are visiting St.Lucia/Durban area, then I really recommend a day trip to Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park. This park is not as well known as Kruger and the other National Parks mentioned above, but it’s just as beautiful and offers amazing wildlife viewing. Africa’s Big 5 live here and, of course, many other animals. TIP: You can visit this park on a self-drive safari or take a guided safari tour from Durban. If you want to make the best of your short time, you can also opt for a tour that combines Hluhluwe and iSimangaliso Wetlands, mentioned above. Rhinos in Hluhluwe–iMfolozi Park West Coast National Park Just an hour drive north of Cape Town, West Coast National Park is the locals’ favorite, so if you come in a warm season, expect it to be busy. This park has beautiful beaches, stunning coastlines, scenic hiking trails, wildlife, and lots of wildflowers. Springtime (August – September) is the best time to see the flowers and the park might be even busier than usual. West Coast National Park is considered a real jewel. It’s not a must-see in South Africa if you are short on time, but if you are staying in Cape Town and have a day to spare, definitely check it out! TIP: There aren’t many facilities here; it’s all about nature. So if you come for a day, make sure to bring some food and plenty of water. Postberg Flower Reserve in West Coast National Park in spring Durban Durban is considered one of the cities that you should see in South Africa. We found that there were better ways to spend our time in South Africa than visiting its cities… so we didn’t stay in Durban longer than necessary. Just in case you wonder, Cape Town is a whole other story, one city you have to see. Nevertheless, if you are traveling in this area, you shouldn’t miss Durban. One of the best things to do here is go to the beach and stroll the Golden Mile, visit UShaka Marine World or Durban Botanic Gardens. Durban is also a good base for a day trip to the earlier mentioned Hluhluwe-iMfolozi NP and iSimangaliso Wetland Park, and also to the Drakensberg mountains. A really interesting thing to do in Durban is also this Shakaland and Zulu culture day trip . TIP: If you are short on time, fly from Durban to Port Elizabeth or Cape Town – it will save you lots of driving. Durban UShaka Pier Johannesburg The largest city in South Africa, Johannesburg’s history goes back to the 19th century. It’s hard to believe that this bustling city with a population of 1 million started as a gold-mining settlement. If you want to learn about South Africa’s long part to democracy, then don’t miss Soweto township (go with a guide! ) which was once home to Nelson Mandela and also Desmond Tutu. Must-see in Johannesburg is the Apartheid Museum and Constitution Hill, a former prison complex. Mahatma Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, and tens of thousands of others were imprisoned here at some point in South Africa’s turbulent history… Johannesburg skyline Namaqua National Park & Namaqualand Namaqualand and Namaqua National Park, close to the Namibian border, are so far from all the other tourist attractions in South Africa that you’ll hardly ever see it mentioned as one of the best places to visit in the country. It’s actually more of a hidden gem of South Africa. Come spring and the dusty valleys are transformed into a magical wildflower wonderland. The whole area is covered in colorful flower carpet, attracting local visitors and international tourists alike. If you are visiting South Africa in August-September and feel like getting off the beaten path, you may want to include this unique region in your itinerary. Namaqua National Park in spring Best places to visit in South Africa South Africa Travel FAQ Here are some of the popular questions our readers ask about visiting South Africa: When is the best time to visit South Africa? South Africa is a year-round destination and every season has something to offer. The best time to see wildlife in Kruger National Park is the dry season between May and October. Whereas the best time to visit Cape Town and the Garden Route is between September – November and from March to May. What is the most beautiful place in South Africa? South Africa is huge and there are so many beautiful places to see. But if you have to choose just one area to visit, we recommend Cape Town and Cape Peninsula. Is South Africa safe for tourists? South Africa is not the safest place to visit in the world and the crime rate is quite high. That being said, if you are cautious, aware of your surroundings, and do not take unnecessary risks, crime against tourists is really not that common. We visited South Africa several times, also with kids, and we never experienced any problems. Is South Africa expensive? No, South Africa is not an expensive destination. The biggest cost or the trip is the flight to get there. Accommodation, food, and activities are quite cheap in South Africa. But – as everywhere in the world – a lot depends on the choices you make and mostly on the accommodations that you choose. How much time do you need in South Africa? 2 weeks is the minimum time if you want to see the most beautiful places of South Africa. If you have about 10 days, spend 3 days in Kruger NP and fly to the south of the country for the rest of the trip. If you have 1 week or less, it’s best to concentrate on just one area – either Kruger NP and surroundings or Cape Peninsula and the Garden Route. TIP: When planning a trip to South Africa, make sure to also check our South Africa itinerary. It contains most of the highlights of South Africa from this list and shows you how to see all the best places in just two weeks. Check it out – it will help you plan a trip of a lifetime! And if you are traveling with a family, check out this guide for more info on what to expect and where to go when visiting South Africa with kids. BACK TO THE TOP OF THE PAGE